Ninety-Three (original title: Quatrevingt-treize, 1874) is the last novel by Victor Hugo. Set during the French Revolution's Reign of Terror in 1793, it follows three main characters-a revolutionary, a nobleman, and a humanitarian commander-whose lives and ideologies collide. The novel explores powerful themes of justice, mercy, violence, loyalty, and the conflict between personal conscience and political duty. It is both a historical drama and a profound philosophical reflection.
Victor Hugo (1802-1885) was one of France's greatest writers, poets, and political thinkers. Best known for Les Misérables and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, Hugo's works often addressed social injustice, human dignity, and the struggle for freedom. A towering figure of Romantic literature, his influence extends far beyond France, shaping global thought on art, politics, and human rights.